Chemical Structure of Tirz GLP-2

Peptide Length: 39 amino acids, based on the GIP sequence, with modifications from GLP-1 and unique residues.

Non-standard Modifications:

Two α-aminoisobutyric acid, Aib, residues at positions 2 and 13, enhancing stability and prolonging half-life.

A C-terminal amidation and position-20 lysine side chain acylated with a C20 fatty diacid moiety via γ-Glu and bis-aminoethoxy linkers, increasing albumin binding and structural modifications studied for molecular stability and receptor exposure duration in vitro.

Molecular Formula: C₂₂₅H₃₄₈N₄₈O₆₈

Molecular Weight: Approximately 4,813.45 Da

Observed Research Findings in Laboratory Models

Mechanistic Pathway Overview in Research Models

This compound is studied as a dual agonist of GLP-1 and GIP receptor pathways, exhibiting greater relative affinity for the GIP receptor while maintaining measurable GLP-1 receptor activity. Research focuses on how simultaneous incretin pathway engagement influences metabolic signaling networks in controlled experimental models.

Mechanistic Research Findings

Incretin Signaling Modulation
Investigated for its role in co-activation of GLP-1 and GIP-associated signaling cascades, with studies examining downstream effects on glucose-related and energy-balance pathways.

Experimental Adipocyte Signaling and Lipid Pathway Studies
Explored in research models for associations with adipocyte signaling, lipid metabolism regulation, and energy storage dynamics, without reference to clinical outcomes.

Glucose Pathway Modulation in Laboratory Models
Studied for involvement in insulin-responsive signaling pathways, glucagon modulation mechanisms, and pancreatic β-cell signaling, as observed in laboratory and preclinical settings.

Pharmacokinetic Properties
Characterized for its fatty-acid modification and albumin-binding behavior, which are examined for their influence on molecular stability, receptor exposure duration, and circulation persistence in experimental analyses.

Research Context and Implications

Often described in the literature as a dual pathway design explored for comparative metabolic signaling efficiency in experimental models.

Its structure and receptor profile are contributing to ongoing research into multi-pathway endocrine signaling models, informing broader scientific discussions around complex metabolic system modulation.